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Community Center in Jatimulyo
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Community-driven upgrading with bamboo technologies.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Category:
meeting place
Phase:
in use
Design:
Andrea Fitrianto
Updated:
17 May 2013
introduction

Like almost everywhere in the Global South the urban poor of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is lacking access to formal land. When they arrive in the city they buy land from the informal market or squat on any available land, without service. The same with Jatimulyo community who has existed for almost three decades on their informal land. They have to provide themselves services and facilities, and for this time is a community center.

In late 2011, Jatimulyo community joined the city-wide network of riverside communities of Kali Jawi and starts saving. In return, Kali Jawi offers a loan of equivalent to EUR 400 and access to the "community architects" at Arkomjogja, a local not-for-profit. The community-driven upgrading scheme is part of the Asian Coalition for Housing Rights' (ACHR) program of Asian Coalition for Community Action (ACCA). And finally, the project made possible through community work and donations from among the twenty families of Jatimulyo community.

cultural and social context

The savings-based riverside communities' network of Kali Jawi is driven by women, mothers in the communities. They are the busy bees who promote and practice daily saving, facilitate meetings, conduct workshops on planning and architecture, and interact with different actors in the city, government units, professional and academic bodies, on daily basis. As a group, they are the emerging actors for an alternative urban planning and development. 

Savings leaders sharing on finance for housing and community infrastructure.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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To support the working men, women prepare food in shift.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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In coincidence with Islamic fasting month of Ramadan, the construction took place on evening time.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Bamboo weaving workshop was held on-site with participation of students.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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materials and building techniques

There are three species of bamboo being used in the construction, they are the Javanese black bamboo (Gigantochloa atroviolacea), the rope bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), and the Southeast Asian giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper). The three bamboos are common in central Java.

To make a permanent structure, the bamboo poles were impregnated with borax and boric acid solution, a salt-based timber preservative that is fire-retardant and widely accepted as safe to environment. Instead of traditional lashing, galvanised-steel bolts and bamboo dowels were used in the joinery. This provides both reliability and practicality, allowing community members to participate in the construction.

Bamboo techniques are accessible and learnable.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Assembling the main frames out of the Javanese black bamboo; Gigantochloa atroviolacea.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Main joins are incorporating galvanised-steel bolts.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Three species of bamboo are being used in the construction

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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earth and climate

Yogyakarta lies between Merapi volcano at forty kilometers to the north and Indonesian ocean at the same distance to the south. Volcano eruption and earthquake were among risks pose by nature. Annual seasons in this tropical hot-humid climate are monsoon and dry season at almost equal length during the year.

The community center in Jatimulyo is very much adapted to its nature. It is prepared for earthquake, storms, and flash flood. It is well-ventilated and well-shaded. The typology of frame structure on stilts with light infills is adapted from Indonesian vernacular architecture.

Bamboo grows along riversides. It is known to stabilise soil and prevents erosion.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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The city's outskirt offers intimate natural environment.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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image gallery
A bamboo hut on concrete stilts.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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A place for gathering and for receiving guests.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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A bundle of three poles as main floor beams.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Relaxing view towards the river.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Up to twenty-five person can gather at the upper floor.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Bamboo carpentry is an important part of Javanese culture.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Bamboo is beautiful, affordable, strong, and long-lasting material by handling and treatment.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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technical drawings
The community change the stair location during project implementation.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Floor plan.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Section I-I

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Section II-II

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Frame measurement and bamboo cut list.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-NC-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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